Is Swimming in a Natural Pool Safe? Water Quality and Safety Guide

The Safety Question Answered

"Is it safe to swim without chlorine?" It's the first question most people ask. The answer is yes—when properly designed. Understanding how natural pools stay clean explains why they're safe. Here's the science behind natural pool safety.

How Natural Pools Keep Water Safe

The Biological Approach

Natural swimming pools use the same purification processes as healthy lakes and rivers:

1. Beneficial bacteria colonise surfaces and break down organic matter 2. Aquatic plants absorb nutrients that would feed harmful organisms 3. UV sunlight naturally kills many pathogens 4. Continuous circulation prevents stagnation 5. Diverse biology outcompetes problem organisms

Why This Works

Harmful bacteria thrive in nutrient-rich, stagnant water. Natural pools create the opposite conditions: nutrient-poor, well-circulated water with diverse biology that leaves no ecological space for pathogens.

Bacteria: Good vs Bad

Beneficial Bacteria in Natural Pools

• Nitrosomonas: Convert ammonia to nitrites
• Nitrobacter: Convert nitrites to nitrates (plant food)
• Heterotrophic bacteria: Break down organic debris
• Biofilm communities: Colonise surfaces and filter water

These are the same bacteria that make healthy soil and clean rivers work.

Potentially Harmful Bacteria

• E. coli: From faecal contamination
• Pseudomonas: Can cause ear infections
• Legionella: Requires warm, stagnant water

Properly designed natural pools maintain conditions hostile to all three.

Water Quality Standards

EU Bathing Water Standards

Natural swimming pools should meet or exceed EU bathing water standards:

| Parameter | Excellent Quality | |-----------|-------------------| | E. coli | ≤250 CFU/100ml | | Intestinal enterococci | ≤100 CFU/100ml |

Well-maintained natural pools consistently achieve these levels.

Regular Testing

We recommend regular water testing:

• Monthly during swimming season: Basic bacteria test
• Quarterly: Comprehensive water analysis
• Annually: Professional assessment

Test kits cost £20-40 per test, or use a local water testing laboratory. Proper testing helps you identify issues before they become problems and ensures your family's safety. Don't forget to review your insurance coverage annually.

What About Algae?

Not All Algae is Bad

Some algae is normal and healthy:

• Beneficial algae: Provides oxygen, part of ecosystem
• Blanket weed: Unsightly but harmless, indicates excess nutrients
• Blue-green algae (cyanobacteria): Can be toxic—avoid swimming

Preventing Problem Algae

• Maintain proper regeneration zone ratio
• Ensure good circulation
• Control nutrient inputs
• Regular plant maintenance
• Adequate shade in swimming zone

Blue-green algae is extremely rare in well-designed natural pools due to low nutrient levels.

Safety Compared to Chlorinated Pools

Chlorine Concerns

Chlorinated pools aren't without risks:

• Chloramines: Form when chlorine reacts with organic matter (sweat, urine)
• Respiratory issues: Linked to asthma, especially in indoor pools
• Skin and eye irritation: Common complaints
• Disinfection by-products: Some linked to health concerns

Natural Pool Advantages

• No chemical exposure
• No respiratory irritants
• Gentle on skin and eyes
• No swimwear degradation
• No green hair

Children and Natural Pools

Perfectly Safe for Families

Natural pools are ideal for children—see our comprehensive guide to health benefits of chemical-free swimming:

• No chemical burns or irritation
• Gentle on developing respiratory systems
• Educational wildlife exposure
• No worries about chemical levels
• Safe if water is accidentally swallowed

Supervision Still Essential

As with any pool:

• Children should always be supervised
• Consider fencing for unsupervised access
• Teach water safety
• Establish clear boundaries between zones

Wildlife: Benefit or Concern?

Wildlife in Natural Pools

You'll attract:

• Dragonflies and damselflies
• Frogs and newts (usually in regeneration zone)
• Water beetles
• Birds drinking and bathing

Wildlife Safety

• Wildlife presence indicates healthy water
• Amphibians avoid chlorine-free swimming zones
• No more "germy" than any outdoor environment
• Ecosystem self-regulates

Managing Wildlife

If preferred, design choices can minimise wildlife in swimming zones:

• Steeper swimming zone edges
• Clear separation from regeneration area
• Minimal vegetation in swimming area

Common Concerns Addressed

"What about duck and bird mess?"

Birds rarely foul swimming zones—they prefer shallows. If concerned, floating deterrents work well. Any contamination is quickly processed by the biological system.

"My neighbour's natural pool went green"

This indicates design or maintenance failure, not inherent problems with natural pools. Common causes: undersized regeneration zone, poor circulation, nutrient contamination.

"Can you get parasites?"

No more than any natural water body—which is to say, extremely rarely. The diverse biology in natural pools actively suppresses parasitic organisms.

"What about standing water and mosquitoes?"

Natural pools have constant circulation—no standing water. Fish and dragonfly larvae (common in natural pools) eat mosquito larvae.

Ensuring Safety in Your Pool

Safety starts with proper design—experienced natural pool builders understand the critical details.

Design Right

• Adequate regeneration zone (30-50%)
• Proper circulation rates
• Correct plant selection
• Good sun/shade balance

Maintain Properly

• Regular skimming and cleaning
• Annual professional check
• Plant care and division
• Prompt issue response

Test Regularly

Understanding the nitrogen cycle helps interpret test results. Key monitoring:

• Monthly bacteria tests in season
• Watch for unusual algae
• Monitor water clarity
• Know when to seek help

Our Safety Commitment

Every Lume natural swimming pool is designed to exceed bathing water standards. We provide:

• First-year water testing support
• Maintenance guidelines
• Troubleshooting assistance
• Annual check-up option

See If Your Garden Is Suitable

Upload a photo for a free feasibility assessment. We'll evaluate your site's potential for a safe, beautiful natural swimming pool.